Kaizen originated in the United States before further development in post-WWII Japan.

It started as “Plan-Do-Study (or Check)-Act” in Bell Labs. As part of reconstruction in Japan, consultants traveled to share strategies for struggling companies such as Toyota. Toyota Production System (TPS) underwent decades of development and practice, and is in part credited for saving the company. In the 80’s, Kaizen returned to the west in new literature which caused it to begin catching on where it had not succeeded decades earlier.rS7


  1. Christopher Sirk, “The History of Kaizen,” CRM.org, August 5, 2020, https://crm.org/articles/the-history-of-kaizen. (See notes.)